Diabetes or Diabetes mellitus is a group of metabolic diseases that has disorder of metabolism (the way the body uses digested food for growth and energy). As a result, the blood sugar (glucose) level in a person is much higher than normal. The main causes may be because either the body (pancreas) produces not enough insulin (too little or no-insulin), or the cells do not respond properly to the insulin that the body is produced. The high blood sugar level will lead to a few classical symptoms of polydipsia (increased thirst), polyuria (frequent urination), and polyphagia(increased hunger).
Types of diabetes
The three main types of diabetes are type 1, type 2, and gestational diabetes.
- Type 1 diabetes: caused by the body's failure to produce enough insulin. Thus, a person is presently required to inject some insulin. This type 1 is also referred as insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and juvenile diabetes.
- Type 2 diabetes: as a result of a condition that the cells respond or use insulin inappropriately. This type 2 is occasionally combined with an absolute insulin deficiency and also referred as non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) and adult-onset diabetes.
- Gestational diabetes: happen only in pregnant women, who normally have never had diabetes before, but gradually have a high blood sugar level during their pregnancy. It may precede development of type 2 DM.
Around 90-95 percent of people with diabetes have type 2. This form of diabetes is most often associated with older age, family history of diabetes, obesity, physical inactivity, previous history of gestational diabetes, and certain ethnicities. Approximately 80 percent of people with type 2 diabetes are overweight.
* Prediabetes, also called impaired fasting sugar or impaired sugar tolerance, is a state in which blood sugar levels are higher than normal but not high enough to be called diabetes.
** Insulin is a hormone that helps glucose, the body’s main source of fuel, get into cells.
To control the blood sugar levels, Diabetic Diet is a crucial part as it's natural and safe. For more info, keep on reading Diabetic Diet Guidelines.
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